Your guide to overtime at work and working extra hours

Many of us have experienced working overtime – whether it's picking up an extra shift or staying late to finish a proposal. But have you ever wondered if you're being compensated correctly? In this article, learn everything you need to know about working overtime in the UK, including reasons for picking up extra hours, the legal aspects of overtime, and how best to manage those extra shifts and long hours without sacrificing your work-life balance.

What is working overtime?

In the UK, overtime is defined as working over your fixed contracted hours. Any time spent working beyond your usual contracted hours is classified as overtime.

For example, if you're contracted to work a 40-hour week and work over this because you must stay late one day, those additional hours are overtime. Because overtime is outside your employment contract, it's typically paid at a higher rate.

Unfortunately, working extra hours doesn't automatically mean you'll be compensated. There are laws regarding overtime in the UK designed to protect you and your employers.

Why working overtime might be needed

Sometimes, working overtime is simply part of the job. Often, it's driven by your employer's need to meet business demands. Here are some reasons why you might find yourself working extra hours:

Busy periods or seasonal rush

Many businesses regularly experience busy periods, such as holiday seasons in retail and hospitality or month-end in payroll and accounting. To manage the additional workload, your employer may ask you to work overtime to meet customer expectations and maintain productivity.

Tight deadlines or urgent projects

If a deadline is at risk or an unexpected project crops up, your employer may ask you to work overtime to keep things on track and ensure everything is completed on time. Similarly, if a task is taking longer than expected, they might request extra hours to help meet the target and get the work done.

Short-staffed or covering absences

You might have to work overtime when there are staff shortages, like when colleagues are off sick or on holiday. In these situations, employers may turn to their most reliable employees to put in extra hours, helping the business stay on track.

Unforeseen circumstances or emergencies

Sometimes, things just don't go to plan – like a late delivery or an urgent client request coming in at the last minute. When these types of scenarios arise, extra hands are often needed, and that could mean working overtime to sort things out.

Earning extra money

In many workplaces, you can put yourself forward to work overtime, and needing extra cash is a common reason. If your regular income isn't enough to get by one month because of a higher energy bill or Christmas preparations, taking on more hours can help provide some financial relief. 

What is the law on overtime in the UK?

In the UK, overtime is governed by the Working Time Regulations 1998. These laws protect workers' rights, making sure you're not pushed to the limit. They cover everything from working hours to rest breaks, keeping everyone's health, safety, and wellbeing at the forefront.

Maximum weekly working hours

There is a 48-hour cap on weekly working hours, which means you can't work over 48 hours unless you opt out. This average is calculated over a 17-week period, giving you some flexibility during busier times. Remember, your boss can't force you to opt out and work more than your limit.

Is overtime compulsory? Can I refuse to work overtime?

Overtime work is not compulsory and your employer can't legally make you work overtime if it's not specified in your contract. You have the right to refuse overtime. Your employer can certainly ask you to put in the extra hours when needed, but they can't demand it.

Overtime pay

Employers in the UK aren't legally required to pay for overtime or offer a specific rate. However, many businesses provide higher rates for extra hours to compensate you. The additional pay depends on your employer's policies and your contract. Some employers offer time off in lieu (TOIL) instead of overtime pay, allowing you to take time off later as compensation for the extra hours worked. 

Advantages and disadvantages of working overtime

There are some clear pros and cons to working extra hours. Here's a quick look at both:

Advantages of working overtime

  • Extra money: Those extra hours can really boost your paycheck

  • Personal development: You might gain new skills by handling different tasks during those hours

  • Increased job security: Showing a willingness to work overtime can make you more valuable and reliable to your employer

  • Networking: Working alongside colleagues during overtime can strengthen professional relationships

Disadvantages of working overtime

  • Impacted work-life balance: More hours work means fewer for family, relaxation, and sleep

  • Potential burnout: Consistently working extra hours can wear you down physically and mentally

  • Loss of focus: Long hours can cause drops in focus and productivity

  • Health and safety risk: Prolonged hours can cause fatigue and stress, heightening serious health and accident risks

Tips to help you manage overtime at work

While working overtime can have its downsides, the right strategies can help you maintain a healthy work-life balance. Here are some tips for navigating those extra hours effectively:

Always take appropriate breaks

It's not just about taking breaks – you need to take appropriate breaks. Working long hours without sufficient breaks can lead to exhaustion, mistakes, and poor performance. Stepping away for a bit can refresh your mind and make those hours feel less draining.

Set clear boundaries

Establishing boundaries is vital for a healthy work-life balance. Clearly communicate your availability to your employer and stick to it. Resist the pressure to go above and beyond your limits and take on excessive overtime requests. You must prioritise your personal time.

Look after yourself

You are number one in this scenario, not your employer, and you must prioritise your health and wellbeing to avoid stress and maintain your energy levels. Get enough sleep, eat well, stay active, and make time for those activities you enjoy outside of work. 

Ensure you're paid for overtime

If you're working overtime, make sure you're getting properly paid for it. As employers aren't always required to pay for overtime, check your contract for details on wage rates and conditions of payment.

Keep track of hours worked

You can't work more than 48 hours a week unless there's a written agreement with your employer. In such cases when your overtime work hours have been mutually agreed upon, track your weekly hours so that you can claim any owed holiday pay your employer legally owes you.

Looking for a new job that compensates for working overtime? Submit your CV for a free review to find out what's working well and identify areas for improvement.

Recommended reading:

Related Articles: